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Brass Bands
In the 1850's brass band's were originated. Brass bands were made up of cornets and saxophones among a few other instruments. When the Civil War began different brass bands were assigned to regiments and were to preform for the soldiers to them. Bands and music were in high demand as the war progressed. Brass instruments were played in camps for morning to night almost everyday. Although some people did not enlist to be musicians in the army, they learned quickly how to play a brass instrument. On July 17, 1862, congress passed a bill which ordered the mustering out of regimental bands. After that there was barely anymore music in camps. On August 13th, 1861, the department of war, declared no more enlisted as a musician, which meant that there would be no more music in camps.

Communication Through Music
Throughout the Civil War music was a large portion of communication. Music was used in battle, after battle, to tell soldiers where they needed to be, and to communicate with each other. Field music was a way of communicating what to do during battle and to tell soldiers where they needed to b

[[image:0420.jpg width="358" height="275" align="right" caption="Band of the 114th Pennsylvania Infantry, in Front of Petersburg, VA, August 1864"]]
e. Field music was also used to signal meals, visits to the doctor and church, and camp duties. Field bands usually had about eighteen to twenty people in the band."Taps" was created as a method to end confusion between armies during battle. Music was also used to communicate between armies. For example sometimes during a lull between battles the Union bands would play patriotic songs and then the Confederate soldiers across the river would yell"now play some of ours!"and the band would respond with songs like "Dixie", and "The Yellow Rose of Texas". “//This evening the Band of the Thirteenth goes into the trenches at the front, and indulges in a "competition concert" with a band that is playing over across in the enemy's trenches. The enemy's Band renders Dixie, Bonnie Blue Flag, My Maryland, and other airs dear to the Southerner's heart. Our Band replies with America, Star Spangled Banner, Old John Brown, etc. After a little time, the enemy's band introduces another class of music; only to be joined almost instantly by our Band with the same tune. All at once the band over there stops, and a rebel battery opens with grape. Very few of our men are exposed, so the enemy wasted his ammunition; while our band continues its playing, all the more earnestly until all their shelling is over// ."-Ulysses S. Grant.

Northern War Music
Much of the North's War Music mentioned President Lincoln as he was seen as the representative of the Union's beliefs. Song titles include: "Lincoln and Liberty", "Old Abe the War Eagle" and "We are coming home, Father Abraham." Northern music was also very patriotic and spoke of a slave-free world.

Southern War Music
The Confederate States of America had no official national anthem. "I Wish I Was in Dixie" by was a very popular song during the time and it is sometimes debated that it was the unofficial anthem of the CSA, though was mostly just a Southern patriotic song of the time. The more commonly agreed upon unofficial anthem is "God Save the South," composed by Charles Ellerbrock and the lyrics were written by George Henry Miles. The song is written like this:

//God save the South, God save the South,////Her altars and firesides, God save the South!////Now that the war is nigh, now that we arm to die,////Chanting our battle cry, "Freedom or death!"////Chanting our battle cry, "Freedom or death!"// A few more famous songs from the South were "Dixie", "The Yellow Rose of Texas", "Southern Republic Polka March", and "Up With the Flag".
 * II.**//God be our shield, at home or afield,////Stretch Thine arm over us, strengthen and save.////What tho' they're three to one, forward each sire and son,////Strike till the war is won, strike to the grave!////S////trike till the war is won, strike to the grave!//
 * III.**//God made the right stronger than might,////Millions would trample us down in their pride.////Lay Thou their legions low, roll back the ruthless foe,////Let the proud spoiler know God's on our side.////Let the proud spoiler know God's on our side.//
 * IV.**//Hark honor's call, summoning all.////Summoning all of us unto the strife.////Sons of the South, awake! Strike till the brand shall break,////Strike for dear Honor's sake, Freedom and Life!////Strike for dear Honor's sake, Freedom and Life!//
 * V.**//Rebels before, our fathers of yore.////Rebel's the righteous name Washington bore.////Why, then, be ours the sa////me, the name that he snatched from shame,////Making it first in fame, foremost in war.////Making it first in fame, foremost in war.//
 * VI.**//War to the hilt, theirs be the guilt,////Who fetter the free man to ransom the slave.////Up then, and umedia type="youtube" key="mCOyioKksgU" height="385" width="480" align="right"ndismay'd, sheathe not the battle blade,////Till the last foe is laid low in the grave!////Till the last foe is laid low in the grave!//
 * VII.**//God save the South, God save the South,////Dry the dim eyes that now follow our path.////Still let the light feet rove safe through the orange gro////ve,////Still keep the land we love safe from Thy wrath.////Still keep the land we love safe from Thy wrath.// **VIII.**//God save the South, God save the South,////Her altars and firesides, God save the South!////For the great war is nigh, and we will win or die,////Chanting our battle cry, "Freedom or death!"////Chanting our battle cry, "Freedom or death!"//

Julia Ward Howe
Julia Ward Howe was a famous poet in the Civil War time period. She is responsible for writing the most famous songs of the Civil War called "John Brown's Body". One night in 1861,Howe was sleeping in at the Willard Hotel and she was thinking about the war hymn she had heard earlier that day. She got up and got a piece of paper and began to write a song. The opening lines to the song "Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming lord." made Abraham Lincoln cry the first time he heard the song. Overnight the song became the Union anthem and was named [|"Battle Hymn of the Republic"].

[[image:n1362-1-small.jpg width="216" height="320" align="right" caption="Sheet Music for the Union Army"]]Famous Songs and Writers
Over the course of the Civil War time period many famous songs were written. The Union and the Confederates both had different songs that they played during battle, after battle, and before battle. Some famous songs are "When Johnny Comes Marching Home Again", "Marching Through Georgia", and "Dixie". The most inspirational was "The Battle Hymn of the Republic", it was taken from a popular camp meeting hymn and was then turned into the famous marching song "John Brown's Body". Another famous song was "Oh Shenandoah". A few famous writers were Henry Clay Work, George Fredrick Root, and Will S. Hays. Work was the most famous of the three and he helped thousands of Southern slaves escape to the North. He also wrote "Marching Through Georgia", which celebrated the defeat of the South, and "Kingdom Coming", his antislavery hymn which African-American soldiers chanted as they came into Richmond, Virginia. Root was responsible for writing the song "The Battle Cry of Freedom". Hays was responsible for writing the famous song "The Drummer Boy of Shiloh".

Click to listen to a famous Civil War song called "When Johnny Comes Marching Home Again", by Gilmore, Patrick Sarsfield. [|here]